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Ethereum Contract Deployment Issues: create2 Returns Zero Address
In the realm of Ethereum smart contracts, deploying and executing functions is a crucial part of building decentralized applications. A common issue that can arise when using the create2 deployment function is returning a zero address.
We recently encountered this issue when trying to deploy our NFT deployment contract via the create2 method. Our implementation was simple: it simply executed an ERC721 contract on top of another smart contract.
In this article, we’ll dive deeper into the issues that led us to this issue and explore solutions to overcome them.
The Issue: create2 Returns Zero Address
When using create2, the deployment function attempts to create a new contract instance from the arguments provided. However, if an issue arises during contract creation, such as a smart contract not being deployed correctly or an invalid memory layout, the create2 function will return a zero address.
In our case, the issue was that we were passing incorrect arguments to the ERC721 constructor, which resulted in the contract’s memory layout being corrupted. As a result, when create2 attempted to create the contract instance, it returned a zero address, leading to a rollback error.
Troubleshooting Steps
To troubleshoot this issue, follow these steps:
- Check contract arguments: Double-check that you are passing the correct arguments to the ERC721 constructor. In our case, we were missing a required
countargument.
- Use debugging tools: Use debugging tools such as the Truffle console or the Web3.js debugger to inspect the memory layout of the contract instance and verify its state.
- Check for smart contract deployment errors: Use smart contract deployment tools like Truffle Suite or Hardhat to inspect the metadata of the deployed contract, such as its bytecode, source code, and other relevant details.
Solutions
To overcome the issue of returning a zero address with create2, try the following solutions:
Solution 1: Check the contract arguments
If you suspect that your contract arguments are incorrect, check them by passing the same arguments to the ERC721 constructor. You can do this using the Truffle console or the Web3.js debugger.
// In your ERC721 function
const NFTImplementation = artifacts.require("NFTImplementation");
function deploy() {
const nftImplementationAddress = await NFTImplementation.deployed();
// Verify that the contract arguments are correct
assert.equal(nftImplementationAddress, "0x..."); // Replace with the actual value
return nftImplementationAddress;
}
Solution 2: Use debugging tools
If you are using Truffle or Web3.js to deploy and interact with contracts, use debugging tools such as the console or a debugger. These tools can help identify issues that may be causing create2 to return a zero address.
Solution 3: Check for smart contract deployment errors
Use smart contract deployment tools to inspect the metadata of the deployed contract, such as its bytecode, source code, and other relevant details. You may need to perform additional steps or configuration to resolve any issues that lead to a rollback error.
By following these solutions and troubleshooting steps, you should be able to resolve the issue of create2 returning a zero address and successfully deploy your NFT implementation contract.
Example Use Case
Here is an example of how you can modify your deployment script to include verification and debugging:
“`javascript
const { ethers } = require(“ethers”);
async function deploy() {
try {
const nftImplementationAddress = await NFTImplementation.deployed();
// Verify that the contract arguments are correct
assert.equal(nftImplementationAddress, “0x…
